What does it mean when we put a patient on Active Surveillance?

In some cases, when a non-aggressive prostate cancer is diagnosed active surveillance is the appropriate treatment option. It is considered a treatment since it requires careful monitoring and follow-up. PSAs, digital rectal exams, imaging studies and prostate biopsies are routinely scheduled. If progression of the disease is identified other treatment options should be considered.

This type of surveillance is recommended only in cases of prostate confined, low grade, low volume cancers.  Only men who are committed to this type of treatment plan should be considered for active surveillance. Some men who initially decided on active surveillance change course and opt for another treatment because of the rigors of follow up or because they are uncomfortable with the  knowledge that they have a cancer and want to do something more.